ガチャ
Gacha
がちゃ
ガチャ originally comes from the sound of turning the handle on a capsule toy machine (ガチャガチャ / ガシャポン). In the 2010s, it exploded as the term for mobile game monetization systems where you pay real money for a random chance at characters or items. Then it went even further: 親ガチャ (oya gacha = "parent gacha") means the idea that which parents you are born to is pure luck, 配属ガチャ (haizoku gacha = "placement gacha") refers to being randomly assigned to a department at a big company. Basically, any life outcome that feels random and out of your control can now be called a ガチャ.
Examples
ガチャ100連回して推し来なかった…引退する
I did 100 pulls and still did not get my oshi... I am quitting this game.
Spent a lot of money on a mobile game gacha and did not get the character they wanted
親ガチャって言い方はどうかと思うけど、環境の差はあるよね
I am not sure about the phrase "parent gacha," but the gap in circumstances is real.
Discussing inequality based on family background with a friend
大企業は配属ガチャが怖い
Big companies are scary because of the placement gacha.
日本は国ガチャあたりやろ
Japan is a pretty good roll on the country gacha, though.